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Islamophobia in the media refers to the occurrence or perception thereof that several media outlets tend to cover Muslims or Islam-related topics in a negative light. Islamophobia itself is an irrational or unreasoned fear of Islam and Muslims. "Since media coverage of Muslims and Islam is likely to shape the opinions of those who have limited or no contact with this religion and its people, it is important to analyze the potential associations these media portrayals might have with people’s attitudes toward Islam in general and Muslims in particular." ==Possible Causes== Some researchers point to the Iranian Revolution in 1979 as a starting point for Islamophobia in the United States. This may be due to the growing influence of political Islam around the same period. In his book, ''The Modern Middle East'', author Mehran Kamrava notes that "...rise in the popularity and spread of political Islam can be traced to the 1980s and even earlier, when a general trend in the politicization of Islam began sweeping across the Middle East following the Arab 'victory' in the 1973 War and the success of the Iranian revolution." Others find Islamophobia present in the United States far earlier and argue that Americans were using the fear of Islam as a unifying concept in defining America. Regardless, negative media images of Muslims in the 80s and 90s were compounded by reporting on Islam and Muslims that relied on Samuel P. Huntington’s 1993 idea of a "clash of civilizations"〔https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/united-states/1993-06-01/clash-civilizations〕 for their frame-work; one that "the American media were all too ready to embrace after the fall of Communism in the late 1990s."〔 In 2011, the Center for American Progress published (“Fear, Inc.: The Roots of the Islamophobia Network in America” ). The goal of this report was to expose the organizations, scholars, pundits and activists that comprised a network dedicated to the spread of misinformation and propaganda about American Muslims and Islam.〔 :The report found that seven charitable foundations spent $42.6 million between 2001 and 2009 to support the spread of anti-Muslim rhetoric. The efforts of a small cadre of funders and misinformation experts were amplified by an echo chamber of the religious right, conservative media, grassroots organizations, and politicians who sought to introduce a fringe perspective on American Muslims into the public discourse. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Islamophobia in the media」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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